Exempt vs. Non-Exempt; Minimum Wage Increases and NY State Salary Threshold Increase 2022
March 25, 2022

Updated 3/25/2022


This article explains how to pay employees, as well as the new minimum wage that went into effect back on 12/31/2021. Non-compliance with the information could lead to repercussions during a DOL audit.

 

The New York State Department of Labor late last year published final rule regarding the increased salary thresholds to be considered exempt from overtime as well as changes to the minimum wage schedule.
 
Under both federal and New York law, employers must pay non-exempt employees at least the minimum wage for each hour worked and 1.5 times their regular rate of pay whenever they work more than 40 hours in a workweek. While most employees must be classified as non-exempt, federal, and state law include exemptions from the minimum wage and overtime requirements for certain employees, including bona fide professional, administrative, and executive employees.
 
Remember, it is not enough to simply pay an employee what an “Exempt” employee is supposed to receive and expect that employee to be classified as EXEMPT. They have to meet the criteria:
 
•  Must be paid equal to the requirements set forth for the Exempt Qualifications (i.e. Administrative, Professional, Executive)
•  Paid on a Salary Basis (Paid a Salary each pay period regardless of the hours they work. * with limited exceptions)
•  Must meet the Job Duties Test for their position
 
If they do not meet ALL THREE of these criteria, then they can not be classified as exempt, and if an employer chooses to do so, an employer’s level of exposure to a Department of Labor Audit is greatly increased. The duties tests are further explained below.
 
Employees who meet the duties test under the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) for executive and administrative exemptions must also meet the salary level requirements in New York in order to be exempt. New York’s exempt employee salary threshold will adjust annually in proportion to increases in the minimum wage. All rate changes will take effect on December 31st of each year.


Below is an overview of exemption tests under New York law.


Salary-Level Test (New York):


Administrative and Executive Exemptions:

For the administrative and executive exemptions, the minimum salary is 75 times the state minimum wage. The minimum salary differs based on where in the state the employee works.

 
Here are the minimum salary requirements currently in effect in New York:


NYC  $1125.00

Other NY counties (Outside of NYC)  $990.00
Remainder of Downstate (Nassau, Suffolk & Westchester counties)  $1125.00
As of 12/31/2021 – Other NY counties (Outside of NYC)  $990.00
As of 12/31/2021 – Remainder of Downstate (Nassau, Suffolk & Westchester counties)  $1,125.00


Professional Exemption:

For the professional exemption, there is no minimum salary requirement under NY State law, but the federal Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) has a minimum. In this case, most New York employers would be required to meet the FLSA's minimum salary requirement for the professional exemption (in addition to meeting the federal and state duties tests).
Currently, to qualify for the professional exemption under the FLSA, an employee must be paid a salary of at least $684.00 per week ($35,568 annually).
 

Salary-Basis Test:

New York generally follows federal rules for the salary-basis test. To qualify for the state and federal exemption, an employee must receive their full salary for any week in which they perform any work. Salary reductions are not permitted due to variations in the quality or quantity of the employee's work.


For exempt employees, salary deductions are limited to the following circumstances:

 

 • One or more full day absences for personal reasons other than sickness or disability.

 •  Absences of one or more full days due to sickness or disability if the deduction is made in accordance with a bona fide plan, policy, or practice of providing compensation for salary lost due to illness.
•  To offset jury or witness fees, or for military pay.
•  For penalties imposed in good faith for infractions of safety rules of major significance.
•  For unpaid disciplinary suspensions of one or more full days imposed in good faith for serious misconduct, such as sexual harassment, workplace violence, drug, or alcohol use, or for violations of state or federal laws. The suspension must be imposed pursuant to a written policy applicable to all employees.
•  In the employee's first or last week of employment if the employee does not work the full week; or
•  For unpaid leave taken by the employee under the Family and Medical Leave Act.
Under federal and state rules, deductions from exempt employees' salaries for any other reason are prohibited.
 

Duties Test (New York):

New York's duties tests vary for each exemption and are slightly different than the federal duties tests.
 

Administrative Exemption:

To qualify for the administrative exemption under New York law:

 

•  The employee's primary duty must involve performing office or non-manual work directly related to management policies or the employer's general operations.
•  The employee must regularly exercise discretion and independent judgment; and
•  The employee must:


o  Regularly and directly assist the employer or an employee employed in a bona fide executive or administrative capacity; or
o  Perform, under only general supervision, specialized or technical work requiring special training, experience, or knowledge.


NOTE: To see who typically falls under the Administrative Exemption, see the attached Administrative Exemption PDF

 

Professional Exemption:

To qualify for the professional exemption under New York law, the employee's primary duty must consist of performing work that requires advanced knowledge in a field of science or learning customarily acquired by a prolonged course of specialized intellectual instruction and study.


The employee's work must:


•  Require the consistent exercise of discretion and judgment.
•  Be predominantly intellectual and varied in character (as opposed to routine mental, manual, mechanical, or physical work); and
•  Be of such a character that the output produced cannot be standardized in relation to a given period.
•  NOTE: To see who typically falls under the Professional Exemption, see the attached Professional Exemption PDF


Executive Exemption:

To qualify for the executive exemption under New York law the:


•  Employee's primary duty must consist of the managing a customarily recognized department or subdivision of the enterprise.
•  Employee must customarily and regularly direct the work of two or more other employees.
•  Employee must have the authority to hire or fire other employees, or their suggestions and recommendations will be given weight; and
•  Employee must customarily and regularly exercise discretionary powers.
•  NOTE: To see who typically falls under the Executive Exemption, see the attached Executive Exemption PDF


An employee's "primary duty" is generally defined as the principal, main, major, or most important duty that the employee performs. The determination of an employee's primary duty must be based on all the facts in a case, with the major emphasis on the character of the employee's job.


Conclusion:

Before classifying employees as exempt from overtime, make sure that the employee satisfies the salary-level, salary-basis, and duties tests under both federal and state law. If an employee is covered by both the federal and state law but does not meet both sets of tests, consult with counsel and/or a CPA to determine how you should classify the employee in that situation.

Also note as of 12/31/2021:

The NY State minimum wage for Long Island and Westchester counties will increase from $14.00 per hour to $15.00 per hour


*Annual increases for the rest of the state will continue until the rate reaches $15 minimum wage (and $10 tipped wage). Starting 2022, the annual increases will be published by the Commissioner of Labor on or before October 1. They will be based on percentage increases determined by the Director of the Division of Budget, based on economic indices, including the Consumer Price Index.


The NY State minimum wage for counties outside of NYC will increase from $12.50 per hour to $13.20 per hour.

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Workplace Safety: 4 Risks Employers Shouldn't Overlook

June 17, 2026
Every June, National Safety Month serves as a reminder that workplace safety is about far more than compliance. Organized by the National Safety Council, the annual campaign encourages organizations to focus on injury prevention, employee well-being, and creating safer work environments. While safety conversations often center around preventing accidents, many employers overlook the broader impact safety has on their business. Workplace injuries can affect productivity, employee morale, absenteeism, workers' compensation costs, turnover, and even an organization's reputation. The good news is that meaningful improvements do not always require major investments or large-scale initiatives. In many cases, the most effective safety improvements come from identifying everyday risks before they become larger problems. Here are four areas employers should evaluate as they work to strengthen workplace safety and reduce risk. 1. Review Hazards That Have Become "Normal" One of the biggest challenges in workplace safety is that regular exposure can make certain risks feel normal. A cluttered walkway, a damaged handrail, or poor lighting in a warehouse aisle may not seem urgent if employees navigate around them every day without incident. But the risks that become part of the daily routine are often the easiest to overlook. Over time, employees may learn to work around the hazard instead of reporting it, which increases the chance that a preventable issue eventually turns into an injury. Walk through your workplace with fresh eyes and ask supervisors and employees what concerns they see but have gotten used to. Some of the most valuable safety improvements come from addressing the issues everyone has quietly accepted as “just how things are.” 2. Look Beyond Physical Safety When people think about workplace safety, they often picture hard hats, warning signs, and protective equipment. Physical safety is critical, but employee well-being extends beyond preventing physical injuries. Fatigue, stress, burnout, and mental health challenges can all contribute to workplace incidents. Employees who are distracted, exhausted, or overwhelmed are more likely to make mistakes, miss warning signs, or take shortcuts that increase risk. National Safety Month's focus on holistic worker health reflects a growing recognition that employee well-being and workplace safety are closely connected. Employers can support both by encouraging reasonable workloads, promoting work-life balance, providing access to employee assistance resources, and fostering a workplace culture where employees feel comfortable speaking up when they need support. 3. Don't Ignore Your Driving Exposure Many organizations underestimate how much risk exists outside the walls of their workplace. Employees who drive for work, whether occasionally or daily, create exposure that can have significant financial and operational consequences. If employees operate company vehicles or drive on company business, consider reviewing: Driver qualification requirements Vehicle inspection procedures Distracted driving policies Motor vehicle record review practices Accident reporting procedures Even organizations that do not maintain a fleet often have employees traveling between locations, visiting clients, or running business-related errands. Safe driving practices should be part of every organization's overall safety strategy. 4. Pay Attention to the Small Incidents Many serious injuries are preceded by smaller incidents, near misses, or repeated unsafe behaviors. Unfortunately, these warning signs are often dismissed because no one was hurt. A near miss is valuable information, and provides an opportunity to identify risks and make corrections before an injury occurs. Encourage employees to report hazards, close calls, and safety concerns without fear of blame. The goal is not to assign fault, but to learn from small incidents before they become larger ones. Organizations that consistently track and address near misses often gain valuable insight into patterns that might otherwise go unnoticed. Safety Is a Business Strategy Strong safety programs help protect employees, but they also support broader business goals. Fewer injuries can mean lower workers' compensation costs, reduced absenteeism, improved productivity, and stronger employee retention. Employees who feel safe at work are often more engaged, more productive, and more likely to stay with an organization long term. Safety shouldn't be viewed as a once-a-year initiative. The most successful organizations treat it as an ongoing process of identifying risks, improving procedures, and supporting employees. Questions to Ask This Month As National Safety Month approaches, consider discussing these questions with your leadership team: Are there workplace hazards we've become accustomed to? Do employees feel comfortable reporting safety concerns? How are we supporting employee well-being beyond physical safety? Are our driving and vehicle-related risks being addressed? What recent near misses can help us improve? Sometimes the most valuable safety improvements begin with a simple conversation. At Simco , we work with organizations to help align HR, benefits, payroll, compliance, and commercial insurance strategies that support a safer, more productive workplace. Whether you're reviewing workplace policies, evaluating risk management practices, or preparing for future growth, taking a proactive approach to safety can benefit both your employees and your business.

Hosting a Graduation Party or Summer BBQ? What Upstate NY Homeowners Should Know About Liability

June 5, 2026
June in Upstate New York has a way of bringing everyone outside. Graduation parties fill backyards, grills get fired up, pools open for the season, and weekends start revolving around family, friends, neighbors, and good weather. Most homeowners think about the fun parts of hosting: food, seating, parking, decorations, and whether the weather will cooperate. Insurance is usually not at the top of the checklist. But when you invite people onto your property, you also take on a certain level of responsibility for their safety. That does not mean you should be afraid to host. It simply means it is worth understanding how liability works, where common risks show up, and when it may be a good idea to review your homeowners insurance before summer gatherings begin. What does liability mean for homeowners? Liability, in the context of homeowners insurance, generally refers to your financial responsibility if someone is injured or their property is damaged and you are found legally responsible. For example, a guest could trip on uneven patio stones, fall on a wet pool deck, get bitten by a dog, or be injured during a backyard game. In some situations, the liability portion of a homeowners policy may help with expenses such as legal defense costs, settlements, or medical-related claims, depending on the details of the situation and the terms of the policy. Every policy is different, and coverage depends on the facts of the claim. Still, liability coverage is one of the most important parts of a homeowners policy, especially for people who regularly host guests. Summer gatherings can create more exposure than homeowners realize A typical backyard party may feel casual, but from an insurance perspective, there are a lot of moving pieces. Guests may be walking through your yard, driveway, garage, deck, patio, or pool area. Children may be running around. People may be using stairs, outdoor furniture, grills, fire pits, trampolines, or playsets. If alcohol is served, the level of responsibility can become even more complicated. In Upstate NY, summer entertaining often includes properties with larger yards, older homes, uneven walkways, detached garages, rural driveways, lake access, pools, docks, or recreational vehicles. These features can make a home a wonderful place to gather, but they can also create risks that should be managed thoughtfully. The key question is not, “Could something go wrong?” The better question is, “Have I taken reasonable steps to make the property safe, and do I understand what my insurance may or may not cover?” Common hosting risks to think about before guests arrive Some risks are easy to overlook because they are part of everyday life at home. A loose step you have learned to avoid may not be obvious to a first-time guest. A dog that is comfortable around your family may react differently in a crowded backyard. A pool that feels routine to you may be a major attraction for children at a party. Before hosting, it is worth walking your property the way a guest would. Look for uneven walkways, loose railings, poor lighting, wet surfaces, cluttered stairs, exposed extension cords, unstable outdoor furniture, or areas where children could wander unsupervised. If you have a pool, trampoline, fire pit, grill, pond, dock, or other attractive feature, think carefully about supervision and access. These are often the areas where accidents happen quickly. You don't need to make your home perfect. But taking a few practical steps before a party can reduce the chance of injury and help show that you took safety seriously. Alcohol adds another layer of responsibility Many graduation parties, BBQs, and summer gatherings include alcohol. For hosts, this is an area where caution matters. New York has laws that can create consequences for providing alcohol to minors. Even beyond legal concerns, alcohol can increase the chance of falls, arguments, poor decisions, or unsafe driving after a party. If alcohol will be served, hosts should think about how it will be monitored, especially at graduation parties where underage guests may be present. Keep alcohol in a controlled area, avoid self-serve access for minors, and consider having non-alcoholic options readily available. It is also wise to pay attention to guests who may need a ride or should not be driving. This is not just a legal issue. It is a safety issue, a community issue, and potentially an insurance issue. Are pools, trampolines, and backyard features covered? Many homeowners assume that if something is on their property, it is automatically covered under their policy. That is not always the case. Certain features, such as pools, trampolines, diving boards, treehouses, docks, or recreational equipment, may need to be disclosed to your insurance carrier. Some companies have specific eligibility rules, safety requirements, exclusions, or underwriting guidelines around these risks. For example, an insurer may want to know whether a pool is fenced, whether a trampoline has a safety net, or whether there are certain structures on the property. If your home has changed since your policy was written, your coverage may not reflect your current situation. This is one reason a summer insurance review can be so valuable. If you added a pool, built a deck, installed a fire pit, bought a trampoline, added a dog, or started hosting more often, it may be time to check in with your agent. Why your liability limit matters Homeowners insurance policies include liability limits. That limit is the maximum amount the policy may pay for a covered liability claim, subject to the policy terms. The challenge is that serious injuries can become expensive quickly. Medical bills, legal fees, lost wages, and settlement costs can add up, especially if an accident results in long-term injury. Many homeowners have not looked at their liability limit in years. Some may have selected a limit when they first bought the home and never revisited it. But life changes. Home values change. Assets change. Families grow. Teen drivers, pets, pools, boats, camps, and frequent entertaining can all change your overall risk picture. A higher homeowners liability limit may be available, and some households may also benefit from a personal umbrella policy. When an umbrella policy may be worth discussing A personal umbrella policy provides additional liability protection above the limits of certain underlying policies, such as homeowners, auto, or recreational vehicle insurance. It is designed for larger liability claims where the underlying policy limit may not be enough. For summer hosts, an umbrella policy can be especially worth discussing if you have a pool, own a boat or recreational vehicle, have teen drivers, entertain often, own a rental or seasonal property, or simply want additional protection for your assets. Umbrella coverage is not a replacement for a homeowners policy. It works alongside eligible underlying policies, and it has its own terms, limits, and exclusions. But for many households, it can be a practical way to strengthen their overall protection. Do renters and condo owners need to think about liability too? Yes. Liability is not just a concern for traditional homeowners. If you rent a home or apartment and host friends for a summer gathering, renters insurance may include personal liability coverage. If you own a condo or townhouse, your condo policy may include liability coverage as well. However, the details can vary, and shared spaces may introduce additional considerations. For example, if a guest is injured inside your rented apartment, on your balcony, or in an area you are responsible for maintaining, your policy may come into play. If the injury occurs in a common area, the situation may involve the landlord, property owner, HOA, or condo association. The main point is simple: if you host guests, liability coverage is worth understanding, regardless of whether you own a house. A few simple steps before your next gathering Before your next graduation party, BBQ, pool day, or backyard get-together, take a little time to prepare your property. Make sure walkways are clear, stairs are well lit, railings are secure, and outdoor areas are free of obvious hazards. Keep pets separated if they may become overwhelmed. Supervise pools and play areas. Be thoughtful about alcohol, especially when minors are present. Check that grills, fire pits, and extension cords are placed safely. It is also smart to review your homeowners, renters, or condo insurance before hosting season gets into full swing. Ask about your liability limit, medical payments coverage, any exclusions that may apply, and whether an umbrella policy makes sense for your household. Hosting should feel enjoyable, not stressful Summer gatherings are part of what makes this season special in Upstate NY. Whether you are celebrating a graduate, inviting neighbors over for a cookout, or opening the pool for the first time, a little preparation can go a long way. Insurance may not be the most exciting part of party planning, but it can be one of the most important. Understanding your liability coverage helps you host with more confidence, protect your guests, and avoid surprises if something unexpected happens. Before the guests arrive, take a few minutes to look around your property and review your coverage. It is a small step that can make a big difference. If you are unsure whether your current policy fits your summer plans, our Personal Insurance Team at Simco Insurance & Wealth Management can help you review your options and understand what coverage may make sense for you and your family.

5 Questions to Ask About Your 401(k) Administration Process

May 15, 2026
For many employers, managing a 401(k) plan has become more time-consuming than expected. What should feel like a straightforward administrative process often turns into ongoing coordination between payroll systems, retirement providers, HR teams, and compliance partners. The challenge usually is not the retirement plan itself. More often, the friction comes from the systems and processes supporting it. Manual uploads, delayed updates, repeated reconciliation work, and disconnected data flows can quietly create extra administrative burden over time. Because these issues develop gradually, many organizations begin treating them as “just part of the process.” But they do not have to be. As retirement administration continues to evolve, employers are taking a closer look at the operational side of their plans and asking whether their current processes are truly efficient, scalable, and aligned. Here are five questions worth asking about your organization’s 401(k) administration process. 1. Are We Still Manually Uploading Payroll Files? One of the most common inefficiencies in retirement administration is still surprisingly widespread: manually extracting payroll data and uploading files from one system to another every pay period. While this process may seem manageable, it creates unnecessary administrative work and introduces opportunities for error. Payroll teams often spend time formatting files, validating contribution data, and confirming whether updates were successfully processed. Over time, those extra steps add up. Modern payroll integrations can automate much of this process by securely transferring contribution, eligibility, and employee census data directly between systems. That reduces repetitive manual work while helping ensure retirement information stays current and accurate. If your team still relies heavily on manual uploads each pay cycle, it may be worth evaluating whether your current process is creating more administrative lift than necessary. 2. How Many Systems Need to Be Checked to Confirm an Update Went Through? This is where many employers begin to feel the operational strain of disconnected systems. An employee updates their deferral amount. A payroll change is processed. A loan repayment adjustment is made. Then someone has to verify whether the update actually flowed correctly between platforms. In environments where systems are not fully connected, HR and payroll teams often become the “checkpoint” between vendors, manually confirming updates and troubleshooting discrepancies after the fact. This is also where the difference between one-way and two-way integrations becomes important. A one-way, or 180° integration, typically sends payroll information outward to the retirement provider but does not automatically sync updates back into the payroll or HCM system . A two-way, or 360° integration, allows updates to move between systems automatically, helping reduce duplicate work and missed changes. The less time teams spend double-checking systems, the more time they can spend supporting employees and broader business priorities. 3. Could We Easily Pull Accurate Data for Compliance Testing and Reporting? Retirement plans operate within a highly regulated environment, and compliance depends heavily on accurate, timely data. Annual testing and reporting often require employers to provide detailed information including compensation data, contribution amounts, hire dates, demographic information, eligibility records, and more. For organizations using disconnected systems, collecting that information can become a time-intensive process. Missing fields, outdated data, or formatting inconsistencies often lead to repeated file requests and last-minute corrections during annual testing periods. This creates stress not only for HR and payroll teams, but also for plan administrators, TPAs, and recordkeepers responsible for maintaining compliance standards. Integrated payroll and retirement systems help streamline this process by automatically capturing and syncing data throughout the year, improving visibility and reducing the need for manual data gathering when reporting deadlines approach. 4. How Much Time Is HR Spending Fixing Preventable Errors? Many retirement administration issues do not start as major problems. More often, they begin as small discrepancies that require manual follow-up, whether it is a contribution that does not align with payroll data, an incorrect eligibility date, a delayed deferral update, or an incomplete census file. On their own, these issues may seem relatively minor. Over time, however, they create a significant amount of reactive work for HR and payroll teams that are left validating information, correcting inconsistencies, and coordinating between systems and providers. What makes this especially frustrating is that many of these issues are preventable. They are often the result of disconnected systems, delayed synchronization, or processes that rely too heavily on manual intervention. When teams spend large portions of their time validating data, reconciling discrepancies, and coordinating between providers, it becomes harder to focus on strategic priorities like employee engagement, workforce planning, and benefits strategy. Reducing friction behind the scenes can have a meaningful impact on both operational efficiency and the employee experience. 5. Is Our Current Process Built to Scale as We Grow? Processes that work for a smaller workforce can quickly become difficult to manage as an organization grows. More employees mean more payroll activity, more contribution data, more eligibility tracking, and more opportunities for inconsistencies across systems. Without connected infrastructure, administrative complexity tends to grow alongside headcount. That is why many employers are reevaluating whether their current retirement administration processes are sustainable long term. The goal is not simply to “manage” the workload, but to create systems that scale efficiently without increasing manual effort at the same pace. Connected payroll, HR, and retirement systems can help organizations reduce administrative burden, improve accuracy, and create a more streamlined experience for both employers and employees. A More Connected Approach to Retirement Administration A well-run 401(k) plan should not require constant oversight to function smoothly. When payroll, HR, and retirement administration systems work together, organizations gain better visibility into data, fewer manual touchpoints, improved reporting efficiency, and greater confidence in their processes overall. At Simco , we help employers simplify workforce management by aligning payroll, HR, benefits, and retirement administration through more connected systems and support models. For organizations evaluating their current retirement administration process, sometimes the most valuable first step is simply asking the right questions. Looking Ahead Retirement administration will likely continue becoming more data-driven, integrated, and compliance-focused in the years ahead. Employers that take time now to evaluate how information flows between payroll, HR, and retirement systems will be better positioned to reduce operational friction, support employees more effectively, and scale with greater confidence over time.

Have a question? Get in touch.