Preparing for an OSHA Inspection
April 22, 2022

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is the government agency that monitors and enforces compliance with workplace safety laws. Under the Occupational Safety and Health Act, Compliance Safety and Health Officers (CSHOs) have the authority to inspect the facilities of any employer subject to OSHA’s regulations. Employers have a right to request a warrant for inspection. Although it may buy time, it will likely broaden the inspection and give the CSHO a negative impression. 


Common Reasons for an OSHA Inspection

  • Imminent danger situations
  • Fatalities or severe injuries reported to OSHA
  • Worker complaints
  • Referral inspections (other agencies, third parties or media)


Preparing for an OSHA Inspection

  • Have principal contacts for the inspection. Document the list of designated employees and train them on all aspects of an OSHA audit. Ensure enough personnel are trained in case of a scheduling conflict.
  • Decide where the CSHO will be placed and where employee interviews will occur.
  • Have updated safety documentation prepared to be presented to the CSHO.
  • Train all managers on how to contact the proper personnel and where to place the CSHO while everyone is being notified.
  • Assemble an inspection kit.  This kit should include:
  • A camera for video and photography recording
  • Required personal protective equipment (PPE)
  • Labels or stamps to mark information that should be tagged as "confidential" or "trade secret"
  • Basic facility information (e.g., type of work performed, number of employees, names of management personnel and a list of contact information)
  • Contact information for the local OSHA office
  • Testing equipment (Check calibrations and expirations on equipment regularly)


Safety Documentation to Have

  • OSHA 300 Form for the current year and the previous five calendar years
  • OSHA 300A Form for the previous five calendar years
  • Injury and incident reports for the current year and the previous five calendar years
  • OSHA 301 Forms (Most state workers' compensation forms are acceptable substitutes.)
  • Completed training programs
  • Safety data sheets (SDSs)
  • Written safety compliance programs


When the OSHA Compliance Safety and Health Officer Shows Up

  • Be polite.  Greet the office and ask to see their credentials, if they do not offer to show them.  Confirm those credentials, or call your local OSHA office for any questions.
  • Place the CSHO in the pre-determined private conference room or office.
  • Notify the designated company employees who will need to take part in the inspection.


During the Opening Conference

  • Determine the purpose of the inspection.  If there has been a complaint, ask for a copy of the complaint. OSHA will protect the identity of any employee who has submitted a complaint.
  • Define the scope of the inspection, and limit consent only to the areas cited in the complaint. This is the time to configure a route for the walk-around, which should be as limited as possible.
  • Identify areas of the workplace or documents that might contain trade secrets. Confirm with the CSHO that photographs and/or documents containing information about trade secrets will remain confidential.
  • Discuss the process for conducting employee interviews and producing documents. If possible, schedule employee interviews so shifts are covered.
  • Ask the CSHO to make all requests for company information and document in writing. Your company’s legal counsel should review all requests for documents and information, as well as all information and documents provided.
  • Gather your inspection equipment. 


During the Walk-Around

  • Begin the walk-around. Make sure everyone has the required PPE and is following the proper safety protocols of the site.
  • Keep the route as limited as possible.
  • Understand the plain view doctrine. This means a CSHO can investigate any hazard observed while walking through the premise.
  • Document the CSHO’s findings and your own findings by taking detailed notes.
  • Make sure to take pictures, samples and measurements of anything the CSHO takes, and at the same time. Your company can request that samples and monitoring take place at a time when the company can conduct its own sampling and monitoring. 
  • Complete “quick fixes” right away. If you or the CSHO identifies any quick fix items, have them taken care of immediately. The CSHO will take these actions as proof of your company’s willingness to comply with safety and health laws.
  • Do not interfere with employee interviews. The CSHO has the right to conduct employee interviews in private. Employee interviews may involve labor representatives, rank and file employees, and management personnel. If there is an interview of a company decision-maker, then it is highly encouraged to have a representative present as any statements made are considered binding admissions on the employer.


During the Closing Conference

  • Request copies of all OSHA samples and monitoring reports from the CSHO.
  • Ask the CSHO to provide you with an acknowledgment of receipt for all documentation provided during the inspection.
  • Provide the CSHO with the name, title and contact information of the person(s) to whom all OSHA correspondence should be directed.
  • List out any alleged violations that have already been corrected. If directed by legal counsel, provide additional information and documentation relevant and supportive of the company’s position as well as any information which shows abatement of any alleged violation.
  • Do not make any impulsive commitments, for example corrective actions or dates.
  • Discuss possible violations. Understand that only the OSHA Area Director can issue citations, and this process can take up to six months after the inspection. The Area Director may rely on a CSHO’s recommendations to issue a citation, but CSHOs may be hesitant to address whether they will recommend a citation during their visit to your facility.


After the Closing Conference

  • Try to obtain all sample and monitoring reports from OSHA.
  • Provide the company’s legal counsel with copies of all of the documents provided to OSHA and all of the notes, photographs, videos, etc., taken during the inspection.
  • Reference an up-to-date copy of OSHA’s Field Operations Manual. Look this over to determine whether there were any issues during the audit. Any information found can be used as supporting documentation to negotiate a settlement.


Citations

If your facility receives citations from OSHA, you should:

  • Post the citation. Post citations in all areas in which the violation occurred. The citations must be posted for three working days or until the violation has been corrected, whichever is later.
  • Notify your legal counsel. Immediately notify the company’s legal counsel about the citation and send a copy of the citation to them.
  • Start the Abatement Process. Review all areas noted by the CSHO and all violations from previous inspections (if any), and correct any issues that were found within the time frame stated on the citation. Document the corrections to show that abatement was completed. It is important to make sure all hazards are corrected, or you may be assigned larger penalties during subsequent inspections.
  • Make note of all deadlines. This avoids creating a short turnaround time to complete abatement measures.


Violation Classifications and Penalty Amounts of OSHA Citations


  • De Minimis
  • Violation based on technical standards, and does not involve any threat to the safety and health of employees.
  • Typically, doesn't carry any penalty.
  • Other Than Serious
  • Classified as unlikely to cause serious physical harm or death.
  • $14,502 per violation.
  • Serious
  • Hazards that could cause serious bodily harm or death.
  • $14,502 per violation.
  • Willful
  • The employer committed the violation knowingly or with indifference.
  • $145,027 per violation.
  • Repeated
  • A hazard of a same or similar standard that the employer was aware of before, received a citation for and has not mitigated.
  • $145,027 per violation
  • Criminal
  • A violation that caused a death and was willful in nature.  A violation of this nature is punishable by a misdemeanor conviction and a significant monetary penalty.
  • Maximum Penalty:  Not more than $250,000 for an individual or $500,000 for an organization and up to six months in jail.


Appeals Process

Once you receive a citation, you have a few options for what to do. You can schedule an informal conference with the OSHA Area Director to discuss the violations and try to reach a settlement agreement. If you are unable to reach an agreement, then you can either pay the citation or file a Notice of Contest to pursue a formal hearing.


Informal Conference

You may request an informal conference with the OSHA Area Director to reach a settlement agreement. You are able to discuss citations, penalties, abatement dates or any other information pertinent to the inspection. Though they are informal, be prepared for the conference. Employers can present defenses to citations, and OSHA may agree to withdraw some citations or lower the penalty. Consider the following tips for productive informal conferences:


  • Schedule the informal conference promptly. The conference must be held before the end of the 15-day period for filing the Notice to Contest. Please note that there may be some differences in timelines and procedures between federal OSHA offices and agencies run by OSHA-approved state programs.
  • Discuss citations and remedial measures taken. If your goal is to have OSHA vacate the citation, be ready to explain why the citation is incorrect or unwarranted.
  • Use supporting documents. Even though this is informal, prepare and review your case with your company’s legal counsel. Use an evidence-based approach. Be sure that OSHA has objective evidence regarding each alleged violation. Explain any mitigating circumstances and showcase your company’s commitment to safety.
  • Keep track of all issues and their status. You want to make sure every item was resolved.


Remember, OSHA Area Directors want to reach a settlement. Their main goal is to make sure you rectify the identified hazards and are compliant. If you do not reach a settlement conference, then decide whether you should pay the fine or contest it. There may be a reduction in the penalty if the inspection went well; you may have to pay the penalty early in order to pay the discounted amount.


Formal Hearing

If you are contesting the citation, make sure to review timelines and dates for submitting requests and documentation. You must file a Notice of Intent to Contest within 15 working days. By filing a Notice of Contest, the file is transferred over to the Department of Labor to the Office of the Solicitor to begin litigation. A formal hearing will be scheduled and take place in front of an Administrative Law Judge. Formal hearings can be appealed in federal court.


For additional OSHA resources, contact Simco today.


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April 27, 2026
Living in the Finger Lakes, especially throughout Canandaigua and Ontario County, offers a quality of life that is hard to match. The lakes, the landscape, and the changing seasons are part of what makes this area special. Those same characteristics, however, also create very specific risks to your home and property. Many of these risks are not fully understood until a loss occurs. This overview is meant to help bring clarity before that happens. Heavy Rain and Flooding: A Common Misunderstanding Spring in our region often brings a combination of heavy rainfall and saturated ground, sometimes alongside lingering snowmelt. When the ground can no longer absorb water, it finds its way into basements and lower levels. What many homeowners do not realize: • Standard homeowners insurance does not cover flood damage • Sewer or drain backup coverage is not automatically included • Even minor water intrusion can result in significant repair costs Flooding remains one of the most common and misunderstood gaps in coverage. Summer Storms and Wind Damage Severe weather events have become more frequent and more intense in recent years. Across the Finger Lakes, we regularly see: • Trees falling onto homes or structures • Roof and siding damage from high winds • Power surges impacting appliances and electronics While many of these losses are typically covered, there are important considerations: • Tree removal coverage is often limited • Poorly maintained trees can create complications in claims • Deductibles may be higher than expected, especially for wind-related losses Tornado Activity in Upstate New York Tornadoes are not something most people associate with our region, but they do happen in upstate New York. They are often smaller in scale, but still strong enough to damage roofs, garages, sheds, outbuildings, and surrounding property. In many cases, tornado-related damage is covered under a standard homeowners policy. The bigger concern is whether homeowners have reviewed their limits, deductibles, and property details before a loss occurs. Hail Damage: Often Overlooked Hail damage does not always present itself immediately. Over time, it can: • Compromise roofing materials • Reduce the lifespan of your roof • Lead to leaks or structural issues later on An important detail many homeowners are unaware of: some policies now settle roof claims based on actual cash value rather than full replacement cost, which can significantly reduce claim payouts. Lakefront and Hillside Exposures The natural features that define the Finger Lakes also introduce unique risks: • Shoreline erosion • Slope instability • Ground shifting following heavy rain It is important to understand: • Land itself is not insurable • Earth movement, including landslides, is typically excluded These are among the most significant uncovered exposures in our area. Lightning and Power Surges A single storm can damage electronics, appliances, and home office equipment. While coverage may apply, it is often subject to policy limits, deductibles, and specific conditions. If you work from home or rely on expensive electronics, it is worth reviewing how your policy handles power surge damage before you need to file a claim. What Homeowners Often Learn Too Late After working through claims with families across the region, a consistent pattern emerges: “I thought that was covered.” “No one explained that to me.” “I wish I had reviewed this sooner.” Insurance is not just about having a policy in place. It is about understanding how that policy responds in real-world situations. A Local Approach to Reviewing Your Coverage As part of the Finger Lakes community, we believe homeowners should have a clear understanding of their coverage before they need to rely on it. We offer straightforward, no-pressure coverage reviews that include: • A clear explanation of your current policy • Identification of potential gaps based on local risks • Honest answers to your questions • Guidance on whether any adjustments make sense for your situation Looking Ahead Seasonal weather in the Finger Lakes is predictable in one sense: it will come. The better question is whether your coverage reflects the realities of where you live. Taking the time to review now can help ensure you are prepared when it matters most.
April 9, 2026
April is Financial Literacy Month, and most of the conversation tends to focus on individuals. Budgeting, saving, managing debt, planning for retirement. All important topics, but often framed as personal responsibilities. What gets overlooked is how much of an employee’s financial life is shaped at work. From how pay is structured, to how benefits are communicated, to whether retirement options are understood or even used, employers have a direct influence on how confident and informed employees feel about their finances. It is not always intentional, but it is significant. Where Financial Literacy Shows Up at Work For many employees, the workplace is the primary place where financial decisions are made or reinforced. Think about what flows through an employer: Paychecks and how they are calculated Tax withholdings and deductions Health insurance contributions Retirement plan participation and employer match Bonuses, commissions, and variable compensation These are not small details. They are the building blocks of how employees understand their income, manage expenses, and plan for the future. When those elements are clear and easy to navigate, employees tend to feel more in control. When they are confusing or inconsistent, it can lead to frustration, disengagement, or avoidable financial stress. The Reality: Many Employees Are Still Guessing Even in well-run organizations, it is common for employees to have gaps in understanding. Questions like: “Why did my paycheck change this period?” “What exactly is being deducted from my pay?” “Am I contributing enough to my 401(k)?” “How does my health plan actually impact my out-of-pocket costs?” These are not uncommon, and they are not always asked out loud. When employees are unsure, they often make assumptions or avoid decisions altogether. That might mean underutilizing benefits, delaying retirement contributions, or feeling less confident about their financial situation overall. Why This Matters More Than It Seems Financial literacy is not just a personal issue. It has a direct impact on the workplace, and employees who feel financially uncertain are more likely to: Experience stress that carries into the workday Be distracted or less engaged Delay important decisions like retirement planning Ask more reactive questions that take time to address On the other hand, when employees understand how their pay and benefits work, there is a noticeable shift. Communication becomes easier. Trust increases. Fewer issues escalate into larger problems. It is not about expecting employees to become financial experts. It is about creating an environment where information is clear and decisions feel manageable. Where Employers Have the Most Influence Employers do not need to overhaul their entire approach to make an impact. In many cases, financial clarity improves when existing processes are just a little more intentional. A few areas tend to have the biggest influence: Payroll Transparency Pay statements should be easy to read and consistent. Employees should be able to quickly understand their gross pay, deductions, and net pay without needing to ask for clarification every time something changes. Even small improvements in how payroll information is presented can reduce confusion. Benefits Communication Open Enrollment is not the only time benefits need explanation. Employees often need reminders and context throughout the year. Clear explanations around what plans cover, how contributions work, and how to use benefits in real scenarios can make a meaningful difference. Retirement Plan Engagement Offering a retirement plan is one thing. Helping employees understand how to use it is another. Employers who provide basic education around contribution levels, employer match, and long-term impact tend to see stronger participation and better outcomes. Consistency Across Systems When payroll, benefits, and HR systems do not align, employees feel it. Conflicting information or multiple places to find answers creates friction. Even if the underlying services are strong, the experience can feel disjointed if everything is not connected. Financial Literacy as a Workplace Advantage Financial Literacy Month is a good reminder that supporting employees in this area is not just a benefit. It is part of how a business operates. Employers who prioritize clarity tend to see:  Fewer payroll and benefits questions More confident employees Better utilization of offered benefits Stronger overall engagement It does not require a complete redesign. Often, it is the result of tightening communication, simplifying access to information, and making sure systems are working together. At Simco, this is something we see regularly. When payroll, HR, benefits, and retirement services are aligned, it becomes much easier for employers to provide a clear and consistent experience without adding more administrative burden. A Few Practical Steps to Start With If Financial Literacy Month is a prompt to take action, it does not need to be complicated. A few focused steps can go a long way: Review a sample of employee pay statements and ask if they are easy to understand at a glance Look at how benefits information is shared outside of Open Enrollment and where there may be gaps Check that retirement plan details, including employer match, are clearly communicated and easy to access Identify whether employees have one clear place to go for payroll, benefits, and HR information Ask managers or HR team members what questions they are hearing most often from employees These are simple starting points, but they often reveal where clarity can be improved. Looking Ahead Financial literacy does not need to be a separate initiative. It is already built into the way employers manage pay, benefits, and communication. April is a good reminder to take a closer look at how those pieces are working together. When employees understand their finances at work, they are more confident, more engaged, and better positioned to make informed decisions. That benefits both the individual and the organization over time.
March 10, 2026
By early spring, most organizations have settled into the rhythm of the new year. Payroll cycles are running, benefits elections have taken effect, and hiring plans are starting to move forward. It is also around this time that small administrative issues tend to surface. A deduction that was entered incorrectly. A PTO balance that does not quite look right. A job description that no longer reflects what someone actually does day to day. None of these problems usually start out as major concerns. But when they go unnoticed for months, they can create compliance risks, payroll corrections, or frustrating employee experiences later in the year. Taking a little time now to review a few core HR and payroll areas can help catch issues early and keep your systems running the way they should. 1. Payroll Deductions and Employee Pay Accuracy Payroll errors rarely happen because someone intentionally entered the wrong information. More often they occur because small changes throughout the year were not reflected consistently across systems. Spring is a good time to review payroll deductions line by line and make sure everything matches current elections and agreements. Start by checking: Health, dental, and vision deductions against current benefit elections Retirement contributions and employer match calculations Garnishments or wage attachments that may have started or ended Bonus or commission structures tied to payroll calculations It is also worth confirming that salary adjustments made at the start of the year were properly applied across payroll and HR records. A mismatch between HR systems and payroll can create issues that compound over time. Run a payroll audit report if your system allows it. Compare gross wages, deductions, and net pay for a sampling of employees across departments. Look for unusual fluctuations or rounding inconsistencies. Even one small discrepancy can create confusion for employees and require retroactive corrections later. 2. PTO Balances and Accrual Policies Paid time off policies can quietly become inconsistent if they are not reviewed periodically. Accrual rules may have changed, new hires may have different policies than long-tenured employees, and carryover limits can easily be overlooked. Take time this spring to verify that PTO balances reflect the rules outlined in your employee handbook. Focus on questions such as: Are accrual rates being applied correctly based on tenure? Are carryover limits being enforced as expected? Have any manual adjustments been made that need documentation? Do employees clearly understand how their PTO accumulates and resets? This review also helps identify employees who may have unusually high PTO balances. Addressing those early can help avoid operational challenges later in the year when many employees begin using vacation time. 3. Employee Classification and Job Roles Misclassification remains one of the most common compliance risks employers face. Over time, job responsibilities evolve, and a position that once qualified for a particular classification may no longer meet the criteria. Use this time to review whether employees are properly classified as exempt or non-exempt under wage and hour laws. Look closely at: Employees who received promotions or expanded responsibilities Positions that involve supervisory duties Roles that combine administrative and operational tasks Job descriptions should accurately reflect what employees actually do day to day. If responsibilities have shifted significantly, the classification may need to be reevaluated. Clear documentation is important here. Updated job descriptions help support classification decisions and provide clarity for both employees and managers. 4. Employee Handbook and Workplace Policies Policies that felt current a year ago may now need adjustments. Workplace expectations evolve quickly, and spring is a practical time to review whether your handbook reflects the way your organization actually operates. Pay particular attention to policies related to: Remote or hybrid work expectations Use of artificial intelligence tools in the workplace Timekeeping and attendance procedures Workplace conduct and communication standards It is also wise to confirm that any state-specific policies remain compliant with current regulations. If your workforce spans multiple states, small policy differences may need to be addressed. Updating a handbook does not necessarily mean rewriting the entire document. Sometimes a few targeted revisions can ensure employees have clear guidance and leadership has consistent standards to follow. 5. Benefits Eligibility and Employee Status Changes Benefits eligibility errors can happen when employee status changes are not updated in a timely manner. Review employees who experienced changes during the past several months. This includes individuals who moved from part-time to full-time status, those who returned from leave, and employees who changed departments or compensation structures. Make sure eligibility for benefits matches the organization’s plan requirements. Check that: Newly eligible employees were offered enrollment opportunities Terminated employees were removed from benefit plans promptly COBRA notifications were issued when required Dependent eligibility rules are being followed consistently Even minor oversights in this area can create complications with carriers or leave employees temporarily without the coverage they expect. 6. Workers’ Compensation Classifications Workers’ compensation classifications often remain unchanged year after year, even when job duties evolve. If employees begin performing different tasks than originally described, their classification may no longer match the level of risk associated with the role. Incorrect classifications can lead to inaccurate premium calculations and potential audit findings later. Take time to review job roles that involve: Operational or physical work environments Field service or travel responsibilities Equipment use or safety considerations Confirm that the workers’ compensation codes associated with these positions still reflect the work being performed. Employers who review this annually are often better prepared when insurance audits occur. 7. HR and Payroll System Alignment Finally, look at how your HR and payroll systems interact with each other . Many organizations rely on multiple platforms for HR, payroll, benefits administration, and reporting. When systems do not communicate effectively, teams often compensate by manually transferring data between them. That can create hidden inefficiencies and increase the chance of errors. Ask yourself: Are employee records consistent across all systems? Are onboarding updates automatically reflected in payroll and benefits platforms? Are reporting tools pulling accurate workforce data? For some employers, this review reveals that processes have become more manual than intended. Working with a partner that integrates HR, payroll, benefits, and insurance services can make much of this coordination significantly easier. At Simco , we help employers align these systems so information flows more smoothly and administrative teams spend less time reconciling data. A Small Review Now Prevents Bigger Issues Later Spring reviews do not have to be complicated or time-consuming. Even a few focused hours reviewing payroll accuracy, employee classifications, and benefits records can uncover issues that are much easier to fix now than later in the year. Employers who take time to review these areas early often avoid the mid-year scramble that happens when small inconsistencies finally surface. A short operational check-in today can help ensure the rest of the year runs more smoothly for both your leadership team and your employees.

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